Origin: bef. 1000; ME kepen, OE cēpan to observe, heed, watch, await, take; perh. akin to OE gecōp proper, fitting, capian to look, ON kōpa to stare
Related forms:
keep⋅a⋅ble, adjective
keep⋅a⋅bil⋅i⋅ty, noun
Synonyms: 1.Keep,reserve,retain,withhold refer to having and holding in possession. Keep (a common word) and retain (a more formal one) agree in meaning to continue to have or hold, as opposed to losing, parting with, or giving up: to keep a book for a week. To reserve is to keep for some future use, occasion, or recipient, or to hold back for a time: to reserve judgment. To withhold is generally to hold back altogether: to withhold help. 6.preserve. 8.detain, confine. 41.donjon, dungeon, stronghold.
To retain possession of: kept the change; must keep your composure.
To have as a supply: keep an ax in the shed.
To provide (a family, for example) with maintenance and support: "There's little to earn and many to keep"(Charles Kingsley).
To support (a mistress or lover) financially.
To supply with room and board for a charge: keep boarders.
To raise: keep chickens.
To maintain records in: keep a yearly diary.
To enter (data) in a book: keep financial records.
To detain: was kept after school.
To restrain: kept the child away from the stove; kept the crowd back with barriers.
To prevent or deter: tried to keep the ice from melting.
To refrain from divulging: keep a secret.
To save; reserve: keep extra money for emergencies.
To put customarily; store: Where do you keep your saw?
To supply with room and board for a charge: keep boarders.
To raise: keep chickens.
To maintain records in: keep a yearly diary.
To enter (data) in a book: keep financial records.
To detain: was kept after school.
To restrain: kept the child away from the stove; kept the crowd back with barriers.
To prevent or deter: tried to keep the ice from melting.
To refrain from divulging: keep a secret.
To save; reserve: keep extra money for emergencies.
To maintain for use or service: an urbanite who didn't keep a car.
To manage, tend, or have charge of: Keep the shop while I'm away.
To preserve (food).
To cause to continue in a state, condition, or course of action: tried to keep the patient calm.
To maintain records in: keep a yearly diary.
To enter (data) in a book: keep financial records.
To detain: was kept after school.
To restrain: kept the child away from the stove; kept the crowd back with barriers.
To prevent or deter: tried to keep the ice from melting.
To refrain from divulging: keep a secret.
To save; reserve: keep extra money for emergencies.
To detain: was kept after school.
To restrain: kept the child away from the stove; kept the crowd back with barriers.
To prevent or deter: tried to keep the ice from melting.
To refrain from divulging: keep a secret.
To save; reserve: keep extra money for emergencies.
To adhere or conform to; follow: keep late hours.
To be faithful to; fulfill: keep one's word.
To celebrate; observe.
v.
intr.
To remain in a state or condition; stay: keep in line; keep quiet; kept well.
To continue to do: keep on talking; keep guessing.
To remain fresh or unspoiled: The dessert won't keep.
To restrain oneself; hold oneself back: I couldn't keep from eavesdropping.
n.
Care; charge: The child is in my keep for the day.
The means by which one is supported: earn one's keep.
The stronghold of a castle.
A jail.
To persevere in; carry on: We asked her to stop talking, but she kept it up.
To preserve or sustain: kept up the appearance of friendship.
To prevent from growing, accomplishing, or succeeding: keep the revolutionaries down.
To hold under control or at a reduced level: Keep your voice down.
To refrain from vomiting: Although seasick, I managed to keep my food down.
To maintain in good condition: kept up the property.
To persevere in; carry on: We asked her to stop talking, but she kept it up.
To preserve or sustain: kept up the appearance of friendship.
To continue at the same level or pace: The snow kept up all day.
To continue to pay off (a financial obligation).
To match one's competitors, colleagues, or neighbors in success or lifestyle: couldn't keep up with his friends who went into business.
To remain adequately informed: loved to keep up on the gossip.
Phrasal Verb(s): keep at
To persevere in work or an action.
keep down
To prevent from growing, accomplishing, or succeeding: keep the revolutionaries down.
To hold under control or at a reduced level: Keep your voice down.
To refrain from vomiting: Although seasick, I managed to keep my food down.
keep off
To stay away from.
keep to
To adhere to: keep to the original purpose. keep up
To maintain in good condition: kept up the property.
To persevere in; carry on: We asked her to stop talking, but she kept it up.
To preserve or sustain: kept up the appearance of friendship.
To continue at the same level or pace: The snow kept up all day.
To continue to pay off (a financial obligation).
To match one's competitors, colleagues, or neighbors in success or lifestyle: couldn't keep up with his friends who went into business.
To remain adequately informed: loved to keep up on the gossip.
Idiom(s):
for keeps
For an indefinitely long period: gave the ring to me for keeps.
Seriously and permanently: We're separating for keeps.
Idiom(s):
keep an eye on
To watch over attentively; mind.
To watch closely or carefully: keep your eye on the ball.
Idiom(s):
keep an eye out
To be watchful.
Idiom(s):
keep a stiff upper lip
To be courageous or stoic in the face of adversity.
Idiom(s):
keep company
To carry on a courtship: a couple who kept company but never married.
To socialize or associate: keeps company with some tough thugs.
Idiom(s):
keep (one's) chin up
To be stalwart, courageous, or optimistic in the face of difficulty.
Idiom(s):
keep (one's) eyes open/peeled
To be on the lookout.
Idiom(s):
keep (one's) nose clean Informal
To stay out of trouble.
Idiom(s):
keep pace
To stay even with others, as in a contest.
Idiom(s):
keep (someone) company
To accompany or remain with.
Idiom(s):
keep the wolf from the door
To avoid the privation and suffering resulting from a lack of money: Both spouses had to work in order to keep the wolf from the door.
Idiom(s):
keep time
To indicate the correct time.
Music To maintain the tempo or rhythm.
Idiom(s):
keep to (oneself)
To shun the company of others: She kept to herself all morning.
To refrain from divulging: He kept the news to himself.
[Middle English kepen, from Old English cēpan, to observe, seize.]
Synonyms: These verbs mean to have and maintain in one's possession or control. Keep is the most general: We received a few offers but decided to keep the house. Retain means to continue to hold, especially in the face of possible loss: Though unhappy, he retained his sense of humor. Withhold implies reluctance or refusal to give, grant, or allow: The tenant withheld his rent until the owner fixed the boiler.
To reserve is to hold back for the future or for a special purpose: The farmer reserved two acres for an orchard. See Also Synonyms at observe.
late O.E. cepan "to seize, hold," also "to observe," from P.Gmc. *kopijanan, but with no certain connection to other languages. It possibly is related to O.E. capian "to look," from P.Gmc. *kap- (cepan was used c.1000 to render L. observare), which would make the basic sense "to keep an eye on."
"The word prob. belongs primarily to the vulgar and non-literary stratum of the language; but it comes up suddenly into literary use c.1000, and that in many senses, indicating considerable previous development." [OED]
Meaning "financially support and privately control" (usually in ref. to mistresses) is from 1560. The noun meaning "innermost stronghold of a tower" is from 1586, perhaps a translation of It. tenazza, with a notion of "that which keeps" (someone or something); the sense of "food required to keep a person or animal" is attested from 1801. Keepsake is first recorded 1790, on model of namesake; thus an object kept for the sake of the giver. For keeps "completely, for good" is Amer.Eng. colloquial, from 1861. Keeper "one who has charge of some person or thing, warden" is from c.1300; sense of "one who carries on some business" is from c.1440.
the financial means whereby one lives; "each child was expected to pay for their keep"; "he applied to the state for support"; "he could no longer earn his own livelihood" [syn: support]
2.
the main tower within the walls of a medieval castle or fortress
keep in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., "keep clean"; "hold in place"; "She always held herself as a lady"; "The students keep me on my toes"
2.
continue a certain state, condition, or activity; "Keep on working!"; "We continued to work into the night"; "Keep smiling"; "We went on working until well past midnight" [syn: continue] [ant: discontinue]
3.
retain possession of; "Can I keep my old stuffed animals?"; "She kept her maiden name after she married" [ant: lose]
4.
stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state; "We must prevent the cancer from spreading"; "His snoring kept me from falling asleep"; "Keep the child from eating the marbles" [syn: prevent] [ant: allow]
5.
conform one's action or practice to; "keep appointments"; "she never keeps her promises"; "We kept to the original conditions of the contract" [syn: observe] [ant: breach]
6.
stick to correctly or closely; "The pianist kept time with the metronome"; "keep count"; "I cannot keep track of all my employees" [syn: observe]
7.
look after; be the keeper of; have charge of; "He keeps the shop when I am gone"
8.
maintain by writing regular records; "keep a diary"; "maintain a record"; "keep notes"
9.
supply with room and board; "He is keeping three women in the guest cottage"; "keep boarders"
10.
allow to remain in a place or position or maintain a property or feature; "We cannot continue several servants any longer"; "She retains a lawyer"; "The family's fortune waned and they could not keep their household staff"; "Our grant has run out and we cannot keep you on"; "We kept the work going as long as we could"; "She retained her composure"; "this garment retains its shape even after many washings" [syn: retain]
11.
supply with necessities and support; "She alone sustained her family"; "The money will sustain our good cause"; "There's little to earn and many to keep" [syn: sustain]
12.
fail to spoil or rot; "These potatoes keep for a long time"
13.
behave as expected during of holidays or rites; "Keep the commandments"; "celebrate Christmas"; "Observe Yom Kippur" [syn: observe]
14.
keep under control; keep in check; "suppress a smile"; "Keep your temper"; "keep your cool" [syn: restrain]
15.
maintain in safety from injury, harm, or danger; "May God keep you"
16.
raise; "She keeps a few chickens in the yard"; "he keeps bees"
17.
retain rights to; "keep my job for me while I give birth"; "keep my seat, please"; "keep open the possibility of a merger" [syn: keep open]
18.
store or keep customarily; "Where do you keep your gardening tools?"
19.
have as a supply; "I always keep batteries in the freezer"; "keep food for a week in the pantry"; "She keeps a sixpack and a week's worth of supplies in the refrigerator"
20.
maintain for use and service; "I keep a car in the countryside"; "She keeps an apartment in Paris for her shopping trips"
21.
hold and prevent from leaving; "The student was kept after school"
Keep\ (k[=e]p), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Kept; p. pr. & vb. n. Keeping.] [OE. k?pen, AS. c?pan to keep, regard, desire, await, take, betake; cf. AS. copenere lover, OE. copnien to desire.]1. To care; to desire. [Obs.] I kepe not of armes for to yelp [boast]. --Chaucer. 2. To hold; to restrain from departure or removal; not to let go of; to retain in one's power or possession; not to lose; to retain; to detain. If we lose the field, We can not keep the town. --Shak. That I may know what keeps me here with you. --Dryden. If we would weigh and keep in our minds what we are considering, that would instruct us. --Locke. 3. To cause to remain in a given situation or condition; to maintain unchanged; to hold or preserve in any state or tenor. His loyalty he kept, his love, his zeal. --Milton. Keep a stiff rein, and move but gently on. --Addison. Note: In this sense it is often used with prepositions and adverbs, as to keep away, to keep down, to keep from, to keep in, out, or off, etc. "To keep off impertinence and solicitation from his superior." --Addison. 4. To have in custody; to have in some place for preservation; to take charge of. The crown of Stephanus, first king of Hungary, was always kept in the castle of Vicegrade. --Knolles. 5. To preserve from danger, harm, or loss; to guard. Behold, I am with thee, and will keep thee. --Gen. xxviii. 15. 6. To preserve from discovery or publicity; not to communicate, reveal, or betray, as a secret. Great are thy virtues . . . though kept from man. --Milton. 7. To attend upon; to have the care of; to tend. And the Lord God took the man, and put him into the garden of Eden, to dress it and to keep it. --Gen. ii. 15. In her girlish age, she kept sheep on the moor. --Carew. 8. To record transactions, accounts, or events in; as, to keep books, a journal, etc.; also, to enter (as accounts, records, etc. ) in a book. 9. To maintain, as an establishment, institution, or the like; to conduct; to manage; as, to keep store. Like a pedant that keeps a school. --Shak. Every one of them kept house by himself. --Hayward. 10. To supply with necessaries of life; to entertain; as, to keep boarders. 11. To have in one's service; to have and maintain, as an assistant, a servant, a mistress, a horse, etc. I keep but three men and a boy. --Shak. 12. To have habitually in stock for sale. 13. To continue in, as a course or mode of action; not to intermit or fall from; to hold to; to maintain; as, to keep silence; to keep one's word; to keep possession. Both day and night did we keep company. --Shak. Within this portal as I kept my watch. --Smollett. 14. To observe; to adhere to; to fulfill; not to swerve from or violate; to practice or perform, as duty; not to neglect; to be faithful to. I have kept the faith. --2 Tim. iv. 7. Him whom to love is to obey, and keep His great command. --Milton. 15. To confine one's self to; not to quit; to remain in; as, to keep one's house, room, bed, etc.; hence, to haunt; to frequent. --Shak. 'Tis hallowed ground; Fairies, and fawns, and satyrs do it keep. --J. Fletcher. 16. To observe duty, as a festival, etc.; to celebrate; to solemnize; as, to keep a feast. I went with them to the house of God . . . with a multitude that kept holyday. --Ps. xlii. 4. To keep at arm's length. See under Arm, n. To keep back. (a) To reserve; to withhold. "I will keep nothing back from you." --Jer. xlii. 4. (b) To restrain; to hold back. "Keep back thy servant also from presumptuous sins." --Ps. xix. 13. To keep company with. (a) To frequent the society of; to associate with; as, let youth keep company with the wise and good. (b) To accompany; to go with; as, to keep company with one on a voyage; also, to pay court to, or accept attentions from, with a view to marriage. [Colloq.] To keep counsel. See under Counsel, n. To keep down. (a) To hold in subjection; to restrain; to hinder. (b) (Fine Arts) To subdue in tint or tone, as a portion of a picture, so that the spectator's attention may not be diverted from the more important parts of the work. To keep good (or bad) hours, to be customarily early (or late) in returning home or in retiring to rest. -- To keep house. (a) To occupy a separate house or establishment, as with one's family, as distinguished from boarding; to manage domestic affairs. (b) (Eng. Bankrupt Law) To seclude one's self in one's house in order to evade the demands of creditors. -- To keep one's hand in, to keep in practice. -- To keep open house, to be hospitable. -- To keep the peace (Law), to avoid or to prevent a breach of the peace. -- To keep school, to govern, manage and instruct or teach a school, as a preceptor. -- To keep a stiff upper lip, to keep up one's courage. [Slang] -- To keep term. (a) (Eng. Universities) To reside during a term. (b) (Inns of Court) To eat a sufficient number of dinners in hall to make the term count for the purpose of being called to the bar. [Eng.] --Mozley & W. To keep touch. See under Touch, n. To keep under, to hold in subjection; hence, to oppress. To keep up. (a) To maintain; to prevent from falling or diminution; as, to keep up the price of goods; to keep up one's credit. (b) To maintain; to continue; to prevent from ceasing. "In joy, that which keeps up the action is the desire to continue it." --Locke. Syn: To retain; detain; reserve; preserve; hold; restrain; maintain; sustain; support; withhold. -- To Keep. Usage: Retain, Preserve. Keep is the generic term, and is often used where retain or preserve would too much restrict the meaning; as, to keep silence, etc. Retain denotes that we keep or hold things, as against influences which might deprive us of them, or reasons which might lead us to give them up; as, to retain vivacity in old age; to retain counsel in a lawsuit; to retain one's servant after a reverse of fortune. Preserve denotes that we keep a thing against agencies which might lead to its being destroyed or broken in upon; as, to preserve one's health; to preserve appearances.
Keep\, v. i. 1. To remain in any position or state; to continue; to abide; to stay; as, to keep at a distance; to keep aloft; to keep near; to keep in the house; to keep before or behind; to keep in favor; to keep out of company, or out reach. 2. To last; to endure; to remain unimpaired. If the malt be not thoroughly dried, the ale it makes will not keep. --Mortimer. 3. To reside for a time; to lodge; to dwell. [Now disused except locally or colloquially.] Knock at his study, where, they say, he keeps. --Shak. 4. To take care; to be solicitous; to watch. [Obs.] Keep that the lusts choke not the word of God that is in us. --Tyndale. 5. To be in session; as, school keeps to-day. [Colloq.] To keep from, to abstain or refrain from. To keep in with, to keep on good terms with; as, to keep in with an opponent. To keep on, to go forward; to proceed; to continue to advance. To keep to, to adhere strictly to; not to neglect or deviate from; as, to keep to old customs; to keep to a rule; to keep to one's word or promise. To keep up, to remain unsubdued; also, not to be confined to one's bed.
Keep\, n. 1. The act or office of keeping; custody; guard; care; heed; charge. --Chaucer. Pan, thou god of shepherds all, Which of our tender lambkins takest keep. --Spenser. 2. The state of being kept; hence, the resulting condition; case; as, to be in good keep. 3. The means or provisions by which one is kept; maintenance; support; as, the keep of a horse. Grass equal to the keep of seven cows. --Carlyle. I performed some services to the college in return for my keep. --T. Hughes. 4. That which keeps or protects; a stronghold; a fortress; a castle; specifically, the strongest and securest part of a castle, often used as a place of residence by the lord of the castle, especially during a siege; the donjon. See Illust. of Castle. The prison strong, Within whose keep the captive knights were laid. --Dryden. The lower chambers of those gloomy keeps. --Hallam. I think . . . the keep, or principal part of a castle, was so called because the lord and his domestic circle kept, abode, or lived there. --M. A. Lower. 5. That which is kept in charge; a charge. [Obs.] Often he used of his keep A sacrifice to bring. --Spenser. 6. (Mach.) A cap for retaining anything, as a journal box, in place. To take keep, to take care; to heed. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
![[P]](http://cache.lexico.com/g/d/premium_mh.gif){kind=small}
Audio Help [keep] 
verb, kept, keep⋅ing, noun 
) a game of marbles in which the players keep the marbles they have won.
